Separate targets and ROI

example_data/targets.yaml

@@ -32,5 +32,6 @@ classification_targets:
         value: Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
 
 roi:
-  name: anchor_bbox
+  default:
-  anchor: top-left
+    name: anchor_bbox
+    anchor: top-left

justfile

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ install:
 # Testing & Coverage
 # Run tests using pytest.
 test:
-    uv run pytest {{TESTS_DIR}}
+    uv run pytest -n auto {{TESTS_DIR}}
 
 # Run tests and generate coverage data.
 coverage:

pyproject.toml

@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ dev = [
   "pandas-stubs>=2.2.2.240807",
   "python-lsp-server>=1.13.0",
   "deepdiff>=8.6.1",
+  "pytest-xdist[psutil]>=3.8.0",
 ]
 dvclive = ["dvclive>=3.48.2"]
 mlflow = ["mlflow>=3.1.1"]

src/batdetect2/api_v2.py

@@ -50,7 +50,13 @@ from batdetect2.postprocess import (
     build_postprocessor,
 )
 from batdetect2.preprocess import PreprocessorProtocol, build_preprocessor
-from batdetect2.targets import TargetConfig, TargetProtocol, build_targets
+from batdetect2.targets import (
+    ROIMapperProtocol,
+    TargetConfig,
+    TargetProtocol,
+    build_roi_mapping,
+    build_targets,
+)
 from batdetect2.train import (
     DEFAULT_CHECKPOINT_DIR,
     TrainingConfig,
@@ -70,6 +76,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
         outputs_config: OutputsConfig,
         logging_config: AppLoggingConfig,
         targets: TargetProtocol,
+        roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
         audio_loader: AudioLoader,
         preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol,
         postprocessor: PostprocessorProtocol,
@@ -86,6 +93,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
         self.outputs_config = outputs_config
         self.logging_config = logging_config
         self.targets = targets
+        self.roi_mapper = roi_mapper
         self.audio_loader = audio_loader
         self.preprocessor = preprocessor
         self.postprocessor = postprocessor
@@ -125,6 +133,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             val_annotations=val_annotations,
             model=self.model,
             targets=self.targets,
+            roi_mapper=self.roi_mapper,
             model_config=model_config or self.model_config,
             audio_loader=self.audio_loader,
             preprocessor=self.preprocessor,
@@ -171,6 +180,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             val_annotations=val_annotations,
             model=self.model,
             targets=self.targets,
+            roi_mapper=self.roi_mapper,
             model_config=model_config or self.model_config,
             preprocessor=self.preprocessor,
             audio_loader=self.audio_loader,
@@ -205,6 +215,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             self.model,
             test_annotations,
             targets=self.targets,
+            roi_mapper=self.roi_mapper,
             audio_loader=self.audio_loader,
             preprocessor=self.preprocessor,
             audio_config=audio_config or self.audio_config,
@@ -391,6 +402,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             self.model,
             audio_files,
             targets=self.targets,
+            roi_mapper=self.roi_mapper,
             audio_loader=self.audio_loader,
             preprocessor=self.preprocessor,
             output_transform=self.output_transform,
@@ -416,6 +428,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             self.model,
             clips,
             targets=self.targets,
+            roi_mapper=self.roi_mapper,
             audio_loader=self.audio_loader,
             preprocessor=self.preprocessor,
             output_transform=self.output_transform,
@@ -472,6 +485,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
         config: BatDetect2Config,
     ) -> "BatDetect2API":
         targets = build_targets(config=config.model.targets)
+        roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=config.model.targets.roi)
 
         audio_loader = build_audio_loader(config=config.audio)
 
@@ -492,11 +506,13 @@ class BatDetect2API:
         output_transform = build_output_transform(
             config=config.outputs.transform,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
         )
 
         evaluator = build_evaluator(
             config=config.evaluation,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
             transform=output_transform,
         )
 
@@ -504,7 +520,8 @@ class BatDetect2API:
         # to avoid device mismatch errors
         model = build_model(
             config=config.model,
-            targets=build_targets(config=config.model.targets),
+            targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
             preprocessor=build_preprocessor(
                 input_samplerate=audio_loader.samplerate,
                 config=config.model.preprocess,
@@ -524,6 +541,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             outputs_config=config.outputs,
             logging_config=config.logging,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
             audio_loader=audio_loader,
             preprocessor=preprocessor,
             postprocessor=postprocessor,
@@ -561,15 +579,18 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             and targets_config != model_config.targets
         ):
             targets = build_targets(config=targets_config)
+            roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=targets_config.roi)
             model = build_model_with_new_targets(
                 model=model,
                 targets=targets,
+                roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
             )
             model_config = model_config.model_copy(
                 update={"targets": targets_config}
             )
 
         targets = build_targets(config=model_config.targets)
+        roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=model_config.targets.roi)
 
         audio_loader = build_audio_loader(config=audio_config)
 
@@ -591,11 +612,13 @@ class BatDetect2API:
         output_transform = build_output_transform(
             config=outputs_config.transform,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
         )
 
         evaluator = build_evaluator(
             config=evaluation_config,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
             transform=output_transform,
         )
 
@@ -608,6 +631,7 @@ class BatDetect2API:
             outputs_config=outputs_config,
             logging_config=logging_config,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
             audio_loader=audio_loader,
             preprocessor=preprocessor,
             postprocessor=postprocessor,

src/batdetect2/evaluate/evaluate.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from batdetect2.outputs import OutputsConfig, build_output_transform
 from batdetect2.outputs.types import OutputFormatterProtocol
 from batdetect2.postprocess.types import ClipDetections
 from batdetect2.preprocess.types import PreprocessorProtocol
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 DEFAULT_EVAL_DIR: Path = Path("outputs") / "evaluations"
 
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ def run_evaluate(
     model: Model,
     test_annotations: Sequence[data.ClipAnnotation],
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
     audio_loader: AudioLoader | None = None,
     preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol | None = None,
     audio_config: AudioConfig | None = None,
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ def run_evaluate(
 
     preprocessor = preprocessor or model.preprocessor
     targets = targets or model.targets
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or model.roi_mapper
 
     loader = build_test_loader(
         test_annotations,
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ def run_evaluate(
     output_transform = build_output_transform(
         config=output_config.transform,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
     )
     evaluator = build_evaluator(
         config=evaluation_config,

src/batdetect2/evaluate/evaluator.py

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ from batdetect2.evaluate.tasks import build_task
 from batdetect2.evaluate.types import EvaluationTaskProtocol, EvaluatorProtocol
 from batdetect2.outputs import OutputTransformProtocol, build_output_transform
 from batdetect2.postprocess.types import ClipDetections, ClipDetectionsTensor
-from batdetect2.targets import build_targets
+from batdetect2.targets import build_roi_mapping, build_targets
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 __all__ = [
     "Evaluator",
@@ -67,17 +67,23 @@ class Evaluator:
 def build_evaluator(
     config: EvaluationConfig | dict | None = None,
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
     transform: OutputTransformProtocol | None = None,
 ) -> EvaluatorProtocol:
     targets = targets or build_targets()
 
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or build_roi_mapping()
+
     if config is None:
         config = EvaluationConfig()
 
     if not isinstance(config, EvaluationConfig):
         config = EvaluationConfig.model_validate(config)
 
-    transform = transform or build_output_transform(targets=targets)
+    transform = transform or build_output_transform(
+        targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
+    )
 
     return Evaluator(
         targets=targets,

src/batdetect2/inference/batch.py

@@ -18,13 +18,14 @@ from batdetect2.outputs import (
 )
 from batdetect2.postprocess.types import ClipDetections
 from batdetect2.preprocess.types import PreprocessorProtocol
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 
 def run_batch_inference(
     model: Model,
     clips: Sequence[data.Clip],
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
     audio_loader: AudioLoader | None = None,
     preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol | None = None,
     audio_config: AudioConfig | None = None,
@@ -45,10 +46,12 @@ def run_batch_inference(
 
     preprocessor = preprocessor or model.preprocessor
     targets = targets or model.targets
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or model.roi_mapper
 
     output_transform = output_transform or build_output_transform(
         config=output_config.transform,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
     )
 
     loader = build_inference_loader(
@@ -78,6 +81,7 @@ def process_file_list(
     model: Model,
     paths: Sequence[data.PathLike],
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
     audio_loader: AudioLoader | None = None,
     audio_config: AudioConfig | None = None,
     preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol | None = None,
@@ -101,6 +105,7 @@ def process_file_list(
         model,
         clips,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
         audio_loader=audio_loader,
         preprocessor=preprocessor,
         batch_size=batch_size,

src/batdetect2/inference/lightning.py

@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ class InferenceModule(LightningModule):
         self.model = model
         self.detection_threshold = detection_threshold
         self.output_transform = output_transform or build_output_transform(
-            targets=model.targets
+            targets=model.targets,
+            roi_mapper=model.roi_mapper,
         )
 
     def predict_step(

src/batdetect2/models/__init__.py

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ from batdetect2.postprocess.types import (
 from batdetect2.preprocess.config import PreprocessingConfig
 from batdetect2.preprocess.types import PreprocessorProtocol
 from batdetect2.targets.config import TargetConfig
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 __all__ = [
     "BBoxHead",
@@ -186,12 +186,15 @@ class Model(torch.nn.Module):
     targets : TargetProtocol
         Describes the set of target classes; used when building heads and
         during training target construction.
+    roi_mapper : ROIMapperProtocol
+        Maps geometries to target-size channels and back.
     """
 
     detector: DetectionModel
     preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol
     postprocessor: PostprocessorProtocol
     targets: TargetProtocol
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -199,12 +202,14 @@ class Model(torch.nn.Module):
         preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol,
         postprocessor: PostprocessorProtocol,
         targets: TargetProtocol,
+        roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
     ):
         super().__init__()
         self.detector = detector
         self.preprocessor = preprocessor
         self.postprocessor = postprocessor
         self.targets = targets
+        self.roi_mapper = roi_mapper
 
     def forward(self, wav: torch.Tensor) -> list[ClipDetectionsTensor]:
         """Run the full detection pipeline on a waveform tensor.
@@ -234,6 +239,7 @@ class Model(torch.nn.Module):
 def build_model(
     config: ModelConfig | None = None,
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
     preprocessor: PreprocessorProtocol | None = None,
     postprocessor: PostprocessorProtocol | None = None,
 ) -> Model:
@@ -272,10 +278,19 @@ def build_model(
     """
     from batdetect2.postprocess import build_postprocessor
     from batdetect2.preprocess import build_preprocessor
-    from batdetect2.targets import build_targets
+    from batdetect2.targets import build_roi_mapping, build_targets
 
     config = config or ModelConfig()
     targets = targets or build_targets(config=config.targets)
+
+    targets_config = getattr(targets, "config", None)
+    roi_config = (
+        targets_config.roi
+        if isinstance(targets_config, TargetConfig)
+        else config.targets.roi
+    )
+
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or build_roi_mapping(config=roi_config)
     preprocessor = preprocessor or build_preprocessor(
         config=config.preprocess,
         input_samplerate=config.samplerate,
@@ -286,6 +301,7 @@ def build_model(
     )
     detector = build_detector(
         num_classes=len(targets.class_names),
+        num_sizes=len(roi_mapper.dimension_names),
         config=config.architecture,
     )
     return Model(
@@ -293,16 +309,19 @@ def build_model(
         postprocessor=postprocessor,
         preprocessor=preprocessor,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
     )
 
 
 def build_model_with_new_targets(
     model: Model,
     targets: TargetProtocol,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
 ) -> Model:
     """Build a new model with a different target set."""
     detector = build_detector(
         num_classes=len(targets.class_names),
+        num_sizes=len(roi_mapper.dimension_names),
         backbone=model.detector.backbone,
     )
 
@@ -311,4 +330,5 @@ def build_model_with_new_targets(
         postprocessor=model.postprocessor,
         preprocessor=model.preprocessor,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
     )

src/batdetect2/models/detectors.py

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ class Detector(DetectionModel):
 
 def build_detector(
     num_classes: int,
+    num_sizes: int = 2,
     config: BackboneConfig | None = None,
     backbone: BackboneModel | None = None,
 ) -> DetectionModel:
@@ -181,6 +182,7 @@ def build_detector(
     )
     bbox_head = BBoxHead(
         in_channels=backbone.out_channels,
+        num_sizes=num_sizes,
     )
     return Detector(
         backbone=backbone,

src/batdetect2/models/heads.py

@@ -165,14 +165,15 @@ class BBoxHead(nn.Module):
         1×1 convolution with 2 output channels (duration, bandwidth).
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, in_channels: int):
+    def __init__(self, in_channels: int, num_sizes: int = 2):
         """Initialise the BBoxHead."""
         super().__init__()
         self.in_channels = in_channels
+        self.num_sizes = num_sizes
 
         self.bbox = nn.Conv2d(
             in_channels=self.in_channels,
-            out_channels=2,
+            out_channels=self.num_sizes,
             kernel_size=1,
             padding=0,
         )

src/batdetect2/outputs/transforms/__init__.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ from batdetect2.postprocess.types import (
     ClipDetectionsTensor,
     Detection,
 )
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 __all__ = [
     "ClipDetectionsTransformConfig",
@@ -55,10 +55,12 @@ class OutputTransform(OutputTransformProtocol):
     def __init__(
         self,
         targets: TargetProtocol,
+        roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
         detection_transform_steps: Sequence[DetectionTransform] = (),
         clip_transform_steps: Sequence[ClipDetectionsTransform] = (),
     ):
         self.targets = targets
+        self.roi_mapper = roi_mapper
         self.detection_transform_steps = list(detection_transform_steps)
         self.clip_transform_steps = list(clip_transform_steps)
 
@@ -89,7 +91,11 @@ class OutputTransform(OutputTransformProtocol):
         detections: ClipDetectionsTensor,
         start_time: float = 0,
     ) -> list[Detection]:
-        decoded = to_detections(detections.numpy(), targets=self.targets)
+        decoded = to_detections(
+            detections.numpy(),
+            targets=self.targets,
+            roi_mapper=self.roi_mapper,
+        )
         shifted = shift_detections_to_start_time(
             decoded,
             start_time=start_time,
@@ -151,8 +157,9 @@ class OutputTransform(OutputTransformProtocol):
 def build_output_transform(
     config: OutputTransformConfig | dict | None = None,
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
 ) -> OutputTransformProtocol:
-    from batdetect2.targets import build_targets
+    from batdetect2.targets import build_roi_mapping, build_targets
 
     if config is None:
         config = OutputTransformConfig()
@@ -161,9 +168,11 @@ def build_output_transform(
         config = OutputTransformConfig.model_validate(config)
 
     targets = targets or build_targets()
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or build_roi_mapping()
 
     return OutputTransform(
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
         detection_transform_steps=[
             detection_transform_registry.build(transform_config)
             for transform_config in config.detection_transforms

src/batdetect2/outputs/transforms/decoding.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import numpy as np
 from soundevent import data
 
 from batdetect2.postprocess.types import ClipDetectionsArray, Detection
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 __all__ = [
     "DEFAULT_CLASSIFICATION_THRESHOLD",
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ DEFAULT_CLASSIFICATION_THRESHOLD = 0.1
 def to_detections(
     detections: ClipDetectionsArray,
     targets: TargetProtocol,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
 ) -> List[Detection]:
     predictions = []
 
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ def to_detections(
     ):
         highest_scoring_class = targets.class_names[class_scores.argmax()]
 
-        geom = targets.decode_roi(
+        geom = roi_mapper.decode(
             (time, freq),
             dims,
             class_name=highest_scoring_class,

src/batdetect2/plotting/clip_annotations.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from soundevent import data, plot
 from batdetect2.plotting.clips import plot_clip
 from batdetect2.plotting.common import create_ax
 from batdetect2.preprocess.types import PreprocessorProtocol
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 
 __all__ = [
     "plot_clip_annotation",
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ def plot_clip_annotation(
 def plot_anchor_points(
     clip_annotation: data.ClipAnnotation,
     targets: TargetProtocol,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
     figsize: tuple[int, int] | None = None,
     ax: Axes | None = None,
     size: int = 1,
@@ -63,7 +64,11 @@ def plot_anchor_points(
         if not targets.filter(sound_event):
             continue
 
-        position, _ = targets.encode_roi(sound_event)
+        class_name = targets.encode_class(sound_event)
+        position, _ = roi_mapper.encode(
+            sound_event.sound_event,
+            class_name=class_name,
+        )
         positions.append(position)
 
     X, Y = zip(*positions, strict=False)

src/batdetect2/targets/__init__.py

@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ from batdetect2.targets.config import TargetConfig
 from batdetect2.targets.rois import (
     AnchorBBoxMapperConfig,
     ROIMapperConfig,
+    ROIMapperProtocol,
+    ROIMappingConfig,
     build_roi_mapper,
+    build_roi_mapping,
 )
 from batdetect2.targets.targets import (
     Targets,
@@ -30,12 +33,15 @@ from batdetect2.targets.types import (
     Size,
     SoundEventDecoder,
     SoundEventEncoder,
+    SoundEventFilter,
     TargetProtocol,
 )
 
 __all__ = [
     "AnchorBBoxMapperConfig",
     "Position",
+    "ROIMappingConfig",
+    "ROIMapperProtocol",
     "ROIMapperConfig",
     "ROITargetMapper",
     "Size",
@@ -46,6 +52,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "TargetConfig",
     "TargetProtocol",
     "Targets",
+    "build_roi_mapping",
     "build_roi_mapper",
     "build_sound_event_decoder",
     "build_sound_event_encoder",

src/batdetect2/targets/classes.py

@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ from batdetect2.data.conditions import (
     SoundEventConditionConfig,
     build_sound_event_condition,
 )
-from batdetect2.targets.rois import ROIMapperConfig
 from batdetect2.targets.terms import call_type, generic_class
 from batdetect2.targets.types import SoundEventDecoder, SoundEventEncoder
 
@@ -39,8 +38,6 @@ class TargetClassConfig(BaseConfig):
 
     assign_tags: List[data.Tag] = Field(default_factory=list)
 
-    roi: ROIMapperConfig | None = None
-
     _match_if: SoundEventConditionConfig = PrivateAttr()
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")

src/batdetect2/targets/config.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from batdetect2.targets.classes import (
     DEFAULT_DETECTION_CLASS,
     TargetClassConfig,
 )
-from batdetect2.targets.rois import AnchorBBoxMapperConfig, ROIMapperConfig
+from batdetect2.targets.rois import ROIMappingConfig
 
 __all__ = [
     "TargetConfig",
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class TargetConfig(BaseConfig):
         default_factory=lambda: DEFAULT_CLASSES
     )
 
-    roi: ROIMapperConfig = Field(default_factory=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig)
+    roi: ROIMappingConfig = Field(default_factory=ROIMappingConfig)
 
     @field_validator("classification_targets")
     def check_unique_class_names(cls, v: List[TargetClassConfig]):

src/batdetect2/targets/rois.py

@@ -29,7 +29,12 @@ from batdetect2.core.arrays import spec_to_xarray
 from batdetect2.core.configs import BaseConfig
 from batdetect2.preprocess import PreprocessingConfig, build_preprocessor
 from batdetect2.preprocess.types import PreprocessorProtocol
-from batdetect2.targets.types import Position, ROITargetMapper, Size
+from batdetect2.targets.types import (
+    Position,
+    ROIMapperProtocol,
+    ROITargetMapper,
+    Size,
+)
 
 __all__ = [
     "Anchor",
@@ -40,12 +45,15 @@ __all__ = [
     "DEFAULT_TIME_SCALE",
     "PeakEnergyBBoxMapper",
     "PeakEnergyBBoxMapperConfig",
+    "ROIMappingConfig",
+    "ROIMapperProtocol",
     "ROIMapperConfig",
     "ROIMapperImportConfig",
     "ROITargetMapper",
     "SIZE_HEIGHT",
     "SIZE_ORDER",
     "SIZE_WIDTH",
+    "build_roi_mapping",
     "build_roi_mapper",
 ]
 
@@ -456,6 +464,59 @@ implementations by using the `name` field as a discriminator.
 """
 
 
+class ROIMappingConfig(BaseConfig):
+    """Configuration for class-aware ROI mapping.
+
+    Attributes
+    ----------
+    default : ROIMapperConfig
+        Default mapper used when no class-specific override exists.
+    overrides : dict[str, ROIMapperConfig]
+        Optional class-specific mapper overrides by class name.
+    """
+
+    default: ROIMapperConfig = Field(default_factory=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig)
+    overrides: dict[str, ROIMapperConfig] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class ClassAwareROIMapper(ROIMapperProtocol):
+    """Apply a default ROI mapper with optional per-class overrides."""
+
+    dimension_names: list[str]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        default_mapper: ROITargetMapper,
+        overrides: dict[str, ROITargetMapper] | None = None,
+    ):
+        self.default_mapper = default_mapper
+        self.overrides = overrides or {}
+        self.dimension_names = list(default_mapper.dimension_names)
+
+    def encode(
+        self,
+        sound_event: data.SoundEvent,
+        class_name: str | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[Position, Size]:
+        mapper = self._select_mapper(class_name)
+        return mapper.encode(sound_event)
+
+    def decode(
+        self,
+        position: Position,
+        size: Size,
+        class_name: str | None = None,
+    ) -> data.Geometry:
+        mapper = self._select_mapper(class_name)
+        return mapper.decode(position, size)
+
+    def _select_mapper(self, class_name: str | None = None) -> ROITargetMapper:
+        if class_name is not None and class_name in self.overrides:
+            return self.overrides[class_name]
+
+        return self.default_mapper
+
+
 def build_roi_mapper(
     config: ROIMapperConfig | None = None,
 ) -> ROITargetMapper:
@@ -480,6 +541,36 @@ def build_roi_mapper(
     return roi_mapper_registry.build(config)
 
 
+def build_roi_mapping(
+    config: ROIMappingConfig | None = None,
+) -> ROIMapperProtocol:
+    """Build a class-aware ROI mapper and validate consistency."""
+    config = config or ROIMappingConfig()
+
+    default_mapper = build_roi_mapper(config.default)
+    overrides = {
+        class_name: build_roi_mapper(mapper_config)
+        for class_name, mapper_config in config.overrides.items()
+    }
+
+    expected = list(default_mapper.dimension_names)
+
+    for class_name, mapper in overrides.items():
+        actual = list(mapper.dimension_names)
+
+        if actual != expected:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "All ROI mappers must share the same dimension order. "
+                f"Default dimensions: {expected}, "
+                f"class '{class_name}' dimensions: {actual}."
+            )
+
+    return ClassAwareROIMapper(
+        default_mapper=default_mapper,
+        overrides=overrides,
+    )
+
+
 VALID_ANCHORS = [
     "bottom-left",
     "bottom-right",

src/batdetect2/targets/targets.py

@@ -12,21 +12,21 @@ from batdetect2.targets.classes import (
     get_class_names_from_config,
 )
 from batdetect2.targets.config import TargetConfig
-from batdetect2.targets.rois import (
+from batdetect2.targets.types import (
-    AnchorBBoxMapperConfig,
+    Position,
-    build_roi_mapper,
+    ROIMapperProtocol,
+    Size,
+    TargetProtocol,
 )
-from batdetect2.targets.types import Position, Size, TargetProtocol
 
 
 class Targets(TargetProtocol):
-    """Encapsulates the complete configured target definition pipeline.
+    """Encapsulates the configured target class definition pipeline.
 
     This class implements the `TargetProtocol`, holding the configured
-    functions for filtering, transforming, encoding (tags to class name),
+    functions for filtering, encoding (tags to class name), and decoding
-    decoding (class name to tags), and mapping ROIs (geometry to position/size
+    (class name to tags). Geometry ROI mapping is handled separately by
-    and back). It provides a high-level interface to apply these steps and
+    ``ROIMapperProtocol``.
-    access relevant metadata like class names and dimension names.
 
     Instances are typically created using the `build_targets` factory function
     or the `load_targets` convenience loader.
@@ -39,14 +39,10 @@ class Targets(TargetProtocol):
     generic_class_tags
         A list of `soundevent.data.Tag` objects representing the configured
         generic class category (used when no specific class matches).
-    dimension_names
-        The names of the size dimensions handled by the ROI mapper
-        (e.g., ['width', 'height']).
     """
 
     class_names: list[str]
     detection_class_tags: list[data.Tag]
-    dimension_names: list[str]
     detection_class_name: str
 
     def __init__(self, config: TargetConfig):
@@ -63,10 +59,6 @@ class Targets(TargetProtocol):
             config.classification_targets
         )
 
-        self._roi_mapper = build_roi_mapper(config.roi)
-
-        self.dimension_names = self._roi_mapper.dimension_names
-
         self.class_names = get_class_names_from_config(
             config.classification_targets
         )
@@ -74,21 +66,6 @@ class Targets(TargetProtocol):
         self.detection_class_name = config.detection_target.name
         self.detection_class_tags = config.detection_target.assign_tags
 
-        self._roi_mapper_overrides = {
-            class_config.name: build_roi_mapper(class_config.roi)
-            for class_config in config.classification_targets
-            if class_config.roi is not None
-        }
-
-        for class_name in self._roi_mapper_overrides:
-            if class_name not in self.class_names:
-                # TODO: improve this warning
-                logger.warning(
-                    "The ROI mapper overrides contains a class ({class_name}) "
-                    "not present in the class names.",
-                    class_name=class_name,
-                )
-
     def filter(self, sound_event: data.SoundEventAnnotation) -> bool:
         """Apply the configured filter to a sound event annotation.
 
@@ -147,75 +124,10 @@ class Targets(TargetProtocol):
         """
         return self._decode_fn(class_label)
 
-    def encode_roi(
-        self, sound_event: data.SoundEventAnnotation
-    ) -> tuple[Position, Size]:
-        """Extract the target reference position from the annotation's roi.
-
-        Delegates to the internal ROI mapper's `get_roi_position` method.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        sound_event : data.SoundEventAnnotation
-            The annotation containing the geometry (ROI).
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        tuple[float, float]
-            The reference position `(time, frequency)`.
-
-        Raises
-        ------
-        ValueError
-            If the annotation lacks geometry.
-        """
-        class_name = self.encode_class(sound_event)
-
-        if class_name in self._roi_mapper_overrides:
-            return self._roi_mapper_overrides[class_name].encode(
-                sound_event.sound_event
-            )
-
-        return self._roi_mapper.encode(sound_event.sound_event)
-
-    def decode_roi(
-        self,
-        position: Position,
-        size: Size,
-        class_name: str | None = None,
-    ) -> data.Geometry:
-        """Recover an approximate geometric ROI from a position and dimensions.
-
-        Delegates to the internal ROI mapper's `recover_roi` method, which
-        un-scales the dimensions and reconstructs the geometry (typically a
-        `BoundingBox`).
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        pos
-            The reference position `(time, frequency)`.
-        dims
-            NumPy array with size dimensions (e.g., from model prediction),
-            matching the order in `self.dimension_names`.
-
-        Returns
-        -------
-        data.Geometry
-            The reconstructed geometry (typically `BoundingBox`).
-        """
-        if class_name in self._roi_mapper_overrides:
-            return self._roi_mapper_overrides[class_name].decode(
-                position,
-                size,
-            )
-
-        return self._roi_mapper.decode(position, size)
-
 
 DEFAULT_TARGET_CONFIG: TargetConfig = TargetConfig(
     classification_targets=DEFAULT_CLASSES,
     detection_target=DEFAULT_DETECTION_CLASS,
-    roi=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig(),
 )
 
 
@@ -292,6 +204,7 @@ def load_targets(
 def iterate_encoded_sound_events(
     sound_events: Iterable[data.SoundEventAnnotation],
     targets: TargetProtocol,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
 ) -> Iterable[tuple[str | None, Position, Size]]:
     for sound_event in sound_events:
         if not targets.filter(sound_event):
@@ -303,6 +216,9 @@ def iterate_encoded_sound_events(
             continue
 
         class_name = targets.encode_class(sound_event)
-        position, size = targets.encode_roi(sound_event)
+        position, size = roi_mapper.encode(
+            sound_event.sound_event,
+            class_name=class_name,
+        )
 
         yield class_name, position, size

src/batdetect2/targets/types.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from soundevent import data
 
 __all__ = [
     "Position",
+    "ROIMapperProtocol",
     "ROITargetMapper",
     "Size",
     "SoundEventDecoder",
@@ -26,7 +27,6 @@ class TargetProtocol(Protocol):
     class_names: list[str]
     detection_class_tags: list[data.Tag]
     detection_class_name: str
-    dimension_names: list[str]
 
     def filter(self, sound_event: data.SoundEventAnnotation) -> bool: ...
 
@@ -37,6 +37,23 @@ class TargetProtocol(Protocol):
 
     def decode_class(self, class_label: str) -> list[data.Tag]: ...
 
+
+class ROIMapperProtocol(Protocol):
+    dimension_names: list[str]
+
+    def encode(
+        self,
+        sound_event: data.SoundEvent,
+        class_name: str | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[Position, Size]: ...
+
+    def decode(
+        self,
+        position: Position,
+        size: Size,
+        class_name: str | None = None,
+    ) -> data.Geometry: ...
+
     def encode_roi(
         self,
         sound_event: data.SoundEventAnnotation,

src/batdetect2/train/callbacks.py

@@ -93,7 +93,8 @@ class ValidationMetrics(Callback):
         model = pl_module.model
         if self.output_transform is None:
             self.output_transform = build_output_transform(
-                targets=model.targets
+                targets=model.targets,
+                roi_mapper=model.roi_mapper,
             )
 
         output_transform = self.output_transform

src/batdetect2/train/checkpoints.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def build_checkpoint_callback(
     if run_name is not None:
         checkpoint_dir = checkpoint_dir / run_name
 
-    checkpoint_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    Path(checkpoint_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
 
     return ModelCheckpoint(
         dirpath=str(checkpoint_dir),

src/batdetect2/train/labels.py

@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@ from soundevent import data
 
 from batdetect2.core.configs import BaseConfig
 from batdetect2.preprocess import MAX_FREQ, MIN_FREQ
-from batdetect2.targets import build_targets, iterate_encoded_sound_events
+from batdetect2.targets import (
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+    build_roi_mapping,
+    build_targets,
+    iterate_encoded_sound_events,
+)
+from batdetect2.targets.types import ROIMapperProtocol, TargetProtocol
 from batdetect2.train.types import ClipLabeller, Heatmaps
 
 __all__ = [
@@ -42,6 +46,7 @@ class LabelConfig(BaseConfig):
 
 def build_clip_labeler(
     targets: TargetProtocol | None = None,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol | None = None,
     min_freq: float = MIN_FREQ,
     max_freq: float = MAX_FREQ,
     config: LabelConfig | None = None,
@@ -53,12 +58,13 @@ def build_clip_labeler(
         lambda: config.to_yaml_string(),
     )
 
-    if targets is None:
+    targets = targets or build_targets()
-        targets = build_targets()
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or build_roi_mapping()
 
     return partial(
         generate_heatmaps,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
         min_freq=min_freq,
         max_freq=max_freq,
         target_sigma=config.sigma,
@@ -73,6 +79,7 @@ def generate_heatmaps(
     clip_annotation: data.ClipAnnotation,
     spec: torch.Tensor,
     targets: TargetProtocol,
+    roi_mapper: ROIMapperProtocol,
     min_freq: float,
     max_freq: float,
     target_sigma: float = 3.0,
@@ -89,7 +96,7 @@ def generate_heatmaps(
     height = spec.shape[-2]
     width = spec.shape[-1]
     num_classes = len(targets.class_names)
-    num_dims = len(targets.dimension_names)
+    num_dims = len(roi_mapper.dimension_names)
     clip = clip_annotation.clip
 
     # Initialize heatmaps
@@ -109,6 +116,7 @@ def generate_heatmaps(
     for class_name, (time, frequency), size in iterate_encoded_sound_events(
         clip_annotation.sound_events,
         targets,
+        roi_mapper,
     ):
         time_index = map_to_pixels(time, width, clip.start_time, clip.end_time)
         freq_index = map_to_pixels(frequency, height, min_freq, max_freq)

src/batdetect2/train/train.py

@@ -6,23 +6,24 @@ from lightning import Trainer, seed_everything
 from loguru import logger
 from soundevent import data
 
-from batdetect2.audio import AudioConfig, build_audio_loader
+from batdetect2.audio import AudioConfig, AudioLoader, build_audio_loader
-from batdetect2.audio.types import AudioLoader
+from batdetect2.evaluate import EvaluatorProtocol, build_evaluator
-from batdetect2.evaluate import build_evaluator
-from batdetect2.evaluate.types import EvaluatorProtocol
 from batdetect2.logging import (
     LoggerConfig,
     TensorBoardLoggerConfig,
     build_logger,
 )
 from batdetect2.models import Model, ModelConfig, build_model
-from batdetect2.preprocess import build_preprocessor
+from batdetect2.preprocess import PreprocessorProtocol, build_preprocessor
-from batdetect2.preprocess.types import PreprocessorProtocol
+from batdetect2.targets import (
-from batdetect2.targets import build_targets
+    ROIMapperProtocol,
-from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
+    TargetProtocol,
-from batdetect2.train import TrainingConfig
+    build_roi_mapping,
+    build_targets,
+)
 from batdetect2.train.callbacks import ValidationMetrics
 from batdetect2.train.checkpoints import build_checkpoint_callback
+from batdetect2.train.config import TrainingConfig
 from batdetect2.train.dataset import build_train_loader, build_val_loader
 from batdetect2.train.labels import build_clip_labeler
 from batdetect2.train.lightning import build_training_module
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ def run_train(
     val_annotations: Sequence[data.ClipAnnotation] | None = None,
     model: Model | None = None,
     targets: Optional["TargetProtocol"] = None,
+    roi_mapper: Optional["ROIMapperProtocol"] = None,
     preprocessor: Optional["PreprocessorProtocol"] = None,
     audio_loader: Optional["AudioLoader"] = None,
     labeller: Optional["ClipLabeller"] = None,
@@ -69,8 +71,15 @@ def run_train(
     if model is not None:
         targets = targets or model.targets
 
+        if roi_mapper is None and targets is model.targets:
+            roi_mapper = model.roi_mapper
+
     targets = targets or build_targets(config=model_config.targets)
 
+    roi_mapper = roi_mapper or build_roi_mapping(
+        config=model_config.targets.roi
+    )
+
     audio_loader = audio_loader or build_audio_loader(config=audio_config)
 
     preprocessor = preprocessor or build_preprocessor(
@@ -80,6 +89,7 @@ def run_train(
 
     labeller = labeller or build_clip_labeler(
         targets,
+        roi_mapper,
         min_freq=preprocessor.min_freq,
         max_freq=preprocessor.max_freq,
         config=train_config.labels,
@@ -119,6 +129,7 @@ def run_train(
         evaluator=build_evaluator(
             train_config.validation,
             targets=targets,
+            roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
         ),
         checkpoint_dir=checkpoint_dir,
         num_epochs=num_epochs,

tests/test_audio_utils.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import numpy as np
 import torch
 import torch.nn.functional as F
-from hypothesis import given
+from hypothesis import given, settings
 from hypothesis import strategies as st
 
 from batdetect2.detector import parameters
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from batdetect2.utils import audio_utils, detector_utils
 
 
 @given(duration=st.floats(min_value=0.1, max_value=1))
+@settings(deadline=None)
 def test_can_compute_correct_spectrogram_width(duration: float):
     samplerate = parameters.TARGET_SAMPLERATE_HZ
     params = parameters.DEFAULT_SPECTROGRAM_PARAMETERS
@@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ def test_pad_audio_without_fixed_size(duration: float):
 
 
 @given(duration=st.floats(min_value=0.1, max_value=2))
+@settings(deadline=None)
 def test_computed_spectrograms_are_actually_divisible_by_the_spec_divide_factor(
     duration: float,
 ):

tests/test_cli/test_detect.py

@@ -8,15 +8,6 @@ from click.testing import CliRunner
 from batdetect2.cli import cli
 
 
-def test_cli_detect_help() -> None:
-    """User story: get usage help for legacy detect command."""
-
-    result = CliRunner().invoke(cli, ["detect", "--help"])
-
-    assert result.exit_code == 0
-    assert "Detect bat calls in files in AUDIO_DIR" in result.output
-
-
 def test_cli_detect_command_on_test_audio(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     """User story: run legacy detect on example audio directory."""
 

tests/test_models/test_detectors.py

@@ -41,6 +41,22 @@ def test_build_detector_custom_config():
     assert model.backbone.encoder.in_channels == 2
 
 
+def test_build_detector_custom_size_channels():
+    num_classes = 3
+    num_sizes = 4
+    config = UNetBackboneConfig(in_channels=1, input_height=128)
+
+    model = build_detector(
+        num_classes=num_classes,
+        num_sizes=num_sizes,
+        config=config,
+    )
+
+    dummy = torch.randn(1, 1, 128, 64)
+    output = model(dummy)
+    assert output.size_preds.shape[1] == num_sizes
+
+
 def test_detector_forward_pass_shapes(dummy_spectrogram):
     """Test that the forward pass produces correctly shaped outputs."""
     num_classes = 4

tests/test_outputs/test_transform/test_roundtrip.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from soundevent.geometry import compute_bounds
 from batdetect2.models.types import ModelOutput
 from batdetect2.outputs import build_output_transform
 from batdetect2.postprocess import build_postprocessor
+from batdetect2.targets import build_roi_mapping
 from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
 from batdetect2.train.labels import build_clip_labeler
 
@@ -37,7 +38,9 @@ def test_annotation_roundtrip_through_postprocess_and_output_transform(
     width = int(duration * sample_preprocessor.output_samplerate)
     spec = torch.zeros((1, height, width), dtype=torch.float32)
 
-    labeler = build_clip_labeler(targets=sample_targets)
+    roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping()
+
+    labeler = build_clip_labeler(targets=sample_targets, roi_mapper=roi_mapper)
     heatmaps = labeler(clip_annotation, spec)
 
     output = ModelOutput(
@@ -51,7 +54,10 @@ def test_annotation_roundtrip_through_postprocess_and_output_transform(
     clip_detection_tensors = postprocessor(output)
     assert len(clip_detection_tensors) == 1
 
-    transform = build_output_transform(targets=sample_targets)
+    transform = build_output_transform(
+        targets=sample_targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
+    )
     clip_detections = transform.to_clip_detections(
         detections=clip_detection_tensors[0],
         clip=clip,

tests/test_outputs/test_transform/test_transform.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from batdetect2.postprocess.types import (
     ClipDetectionsTensor,
     Detection,
 )
+from batdetect2.targets import TargetConfig, build_roi_mapping
 from batdetect2.targets.types import TargetProtocol
 
 
@@ -27,9 +28,22 @@ def _mock_clip_detections_tensor() -> ClipDetectionsTensor:
     )
 
 
+def _build_roi_mapper(targets: TargetProtocol):
+    config_obj = getattr(targets, "config", None)
+    target_config = (
+        config_obj if isinstance(config_obj, TargetConfig) else None
+    )
+    return build_roi_mapping(
+        config=(target_config.roi if target_config is not None else None),
+    )
+
+
 def test_shift_time_to_clip_start(sample_targets: TargetProtocol):
     raw = _mock_clip_detections_tensor()
-    transform = build_output_transform(targets=sample_targets)
+    transform = build_output_transform(
+        targets=sample_targets,
+        roi_mapper=_build_roi_mapper(sample_targets),
+    )
 
     transformed = transform.to_detections(raw, start_time=2.5)
     start_time, _, end_time, _ = compute_bounds(transformed[0].geometry)
@@ -43,7 +57,10 @@ def test_to_clip_detections_shifts_by_clip_start(
     sample_targets: TargetProtocol,
 ):
     clip = clip.model_copy(update={"start_time": 2.5, "end_time": 3.0})
-    transform = build_output_transform(targets=sample_targets)
+    transform = build_output_transform(
+        targets=sample_targets,
+        roi_mapper=_build_roi_mapper(sample_targets),
+    )
     raw = _mock_clip_detections_tensor()
     shifted = transform.to_clip_detections(detections=raw, clip=clip)
     start_time, _, end_time, _ = compute_bounds(shifted.detections[0].geometry)
@@ -90,6 +107,7 @@ def test_detection_and_clip_transforms_applied_in_order(
 
     transform = OutputTransform(
         targets=sample_targets,
+        roi_mapper=_build_roi_mapper(sample_targets),
         detection_transform_steps=[boost_score, keep_high_score],
         clip_transform_steps=[tag_clip_transform],
     )

tests/test_targets/test_rois.py

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
 import soundfile as sf
@@ -22,8 +24,10 @@ from batdetect2.targets.rois import (
     AnchorBBoxMapperConfig,
     PeakEnergyBBoxMapper,
     PeakEnergyBBoxMapperConfig,
+    ROIMappingConfig,
     _build_bounding_box,
     build_roi_mapper,
+    build_roi_mapping,
     get_peak_energy_coordinates,
 )
 
@@ -630,3 +634,43 @@ def test_build_roi_mapper_raises_error_for_unknown_name():
     # Then
     with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError):
         build_roi_mapper(DummyConfig())  # type: ignore
+
+
+def test_build_roi_mapping_applies_class_override():
+    config = ROIMappingConfig(
+        default=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig(anchor="bottom-left"),
+        overrides={
+            "myomyo": AnchorBBoxMapperConfig(anchor="top-left"),
+        },
+    )
+
+    mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=config)
+
+    geometry = data.BoundingBox(coordinates=[0.1, 12_000, 0.2, 18_000])
+    sound_event = data.SoundEvent(
+        recording=data.Recording(
+            path=Path("x.wav"),
+            samplerate=256_000,
+            channels=1,
+            duration=1.0,
+        ),
+        geometry=geometry,
+    )
+
+    default_position, _ = mapper.encode(sound_event, class_name="pippip")
+    override_position, _ = mapper.encode(sound_event, class_name="myomyo")
+
+    assert default_position == pytest.approx((0.1, 12_000))
+    assert override_position == pytest.approx((0.1, 18_000))
+
+
+def test_build_roi_mapping_rejects_dimension_mismatch():
+    config = ROIMappingConfig(
+        default=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig(),
+        overrides={
+            "myomyo": PeakEnergyBBoxMapperConfig(),
+        },
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="same dimension order"):
+        build_roi_mapping(config=config)

tests/test_targets/test_targets.py

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 from collections.abc import Callable
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import pytest
 from soundevent import data, terms
 
-from batdetect2.targets import TargetConfig, build_targets
+from batdetect2.targets import TargetConfig, build_roi_mapping, build_targets
 
 
 def test_can_override_default_roi_mapper_per_class(
@@ -32,18 +33,21 @@ def test_can_override_default_roi_mapper_per_class(
         tags:
             - key: species
               value: Myotis myotis
-        roi:
-            name: anchor_bbox
-            anchor: top-left
 
     roi:
-        name: anchor_bbox
+        default:
-        anchor: bottom-left
+            name: anchor_bbox
+            anchor: bottom-left
+        overrides:
+            myomyo:
+                name: anchor_bbox
+                anchor: top-left
     """
     config_path = create_temp_yaml(yaml_content)
 
     config = TargetConfig.load(config_path)
     targets = build_targets(config)
+    roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=config.roi)
 
     geometry = data.BoundingBox(coordinates=[0.1, 12_000, 0.2, 18_000])
 
@@ -60,8 +64,17 @@ def test_can_override_default_roi_mapper_per_class(
         tags=[data.Tag(term=species, value="Myotis myotis")],
     )
 
-    (time1, freq1), _ = targets.encode_roi(se1)
+    class_name1 = targets.encode_class(se1)
-    (time2, freq2), _ = targets.encode_roi(se2)
+    class_name2 = targets.encode_class(se2)
+
+    (time1, freq1), _ = roi_mapper.encode(
+        se1.sound_event,
+        class_name=class_name1,
+    )
+    (time2, freq2), _ = roi_mapper.encode(
+        se2.sound_event,
+        class_name=class_name2,
+    )
 
     assert time1 == time2 == 0.1
     assert freq1 == 12_000
@@ -95,18 +108,21 @@ def test_roi_is_recovered_roundtrip_even_with_overriders(
         tags:
             - key: species
               value: Myotis myotis
-        roi:
-            name: anchor_bbox
-            anchor: top-left
 
     roi:
-        name: anchor_bbox
+        default:
-        anchor: bottom-left
+            name: anchor_bbox
+            anchor: bottom-left
+        overrides:
+            myomyo:
+                name: anchor_bbox
+                anchor: top-left
     """
     config_path = create_temp_yaml(yaml_content)
 
     config = TargetConfig.load(config_path)
     targets = build_targets(config)
+    roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=config.roi)
 
     geometry = data.BoundingBox(coordinates=[0.1, 12_000, 0.2, 18_000])
 
@@ -122,14 +138,14 @@ def test_roi_is_recovered_roundtrip_even_with_overriders(
         tags=[data.Tag(term=species, value="Myotis myotis")],
     )
 
-    position1, size1 = targets.encode_roi(se1)
+    position1, size1 = roi_mapper.encode(se1.sound_event, class_name="pippip")
-    position2, size2 = targets.encode_roi(se2)
+    position2, size2 = roi_mapper.encode(se2.sound_event, class_name="myomyo")
 
     class_name1 = targets.encode_class(se1)
     class_name2 = targets.encode_class(se2)
 
-    recovered1 = targets.decode_roi(position1, size1, class_name=class_name1)
+    recovered1 = roi_mapper.decode(position1, size1, class_name=class_name1)
-    recovered2 = targets.decode_roi(position2, size2, class_name=class_name2)
+    recovered2 = roi_mapper.decode(position2, size2, class_name=class_name2)
 
     assert recovered1 == geometry
     assert recovered2 == geometry

tests/test_train/test_checkpoints.py

@@ -42,28 +42,6 @@ def test_train_saves_checkpoint_in_requested_experiment_run_dir(
     assert checkpoints
 
 
-def test_train_without_validation_does_not_save_default_monitored_checkpoint(
-    tmp_path: Path,
-    example_annotations: list[data.ClipAnnotation],
-) -> None:
-    config = _build_fast_train_config()
-
-    run_train(
-        train_annotations=example_annotations[:1],
-        val_annotations=None,
-        train_config=config.train,
-        model_config=config.model,
-        audio_config=config.audio,
-        num_epochs=1,
-        train_workers=0,
-        val_workers=0,
-        checkpoint_dir=tmp_path,
-        seed=0,
-    )
-
-    assert not list(tmp_path.rglob("*.ckpt"))
-
-
 def test_train_without_validation_can_still_save_last_checkpoint(
     tmp_path: Path,
     example_annotations: list[data.ClipAnnotation],

tests/test_train/test_labels.py

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ from pathlib import Path
 import torch
 from soundevent import data
 
-from batdetect2.targets import TargetConfig, build_targets
+from batdetect2.targets import TargetConfig, build_roi_mapping, build_targets
-from batdetect2.targets.rois import AnchorBBoxMapperConfig
+from batdetect2.targets.rois import AnchorBBoxMapperConfig, ROIMappingConfig
 from batdetect2.train.labels import generate_heatmaps
 
 recording = data.Recording(
@@ -30,14 +30,17 @@ def test_generated_heatmap_are_non_zero_at_correct_positions(
 ):
     config = sample_target_config.model_copy(
         update=dict(
-            roi=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig(
+            roi=ROIMappingConfig(
-                time_scale=1,
+                default=AnchorBBoxMapperConfig(
-                frequency_scale=1,
+                    time_scale=1,
+                    frequency_scale=1,
+                )
             )
         )
     )
 
     targets = build_targets(config)
+    roi_mapper = build_roi_mapping(config=config.roi)
 
     clip_annotation = data.ClipAnnotation(
         clip=clip,
@@ -60,6 +63,7 @@ def test_generated_heatmap_are_non_zero_at_correct_positions(
         min_freq=0,
         max_freq=100,
         targets=targets,
+        roi_mapper=roi_mapper,
     )
     pippip_index = targets.class_names.index("pippip")
     myomyo_index = targets.class_names.index("myomyo")